2013同等學(xué)力申碩英語天天練試題及答案

2013年考研英語科目結(jié)束后，不少專家解析考研英語試題時表示，今年英語總體難度相對穩(wěn)定。對于2013同等學(xué)力申碩準(zhǔn)考生來說，雖說大綱有變化(英語考試大綱第六版) ，但是只要考生天天堅(jiān)持練習(xí)英語試題，一定有所突破。2013年同等學(xué)力準(zhǔn)考生整理了英語天天練試題及答案解析，希望對廣大考生有所幫助。

The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.

A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).

How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.

Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.

But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.

With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won´t pay you back and that the money you´ll get won´t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behind treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today´s goods.

With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.

As a result, the single most important rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don´t need the money for a long time, then put it into stocks. If you need it soon, put it into bonds and cash.

1. This passage is intended to give advice on .

A) how to avoid inflation risks

B) what kinds of bonds to buy

C) how to get rich by investing in stock market

D) how to become richer by spreading the risk

2. The author mentions such millionaires as the Rockefellers and Bill Gates to show that .

A) they are examples for us on our road to wealth

B) a portfolio is essential to financial success

C) they are really rich people

D) they started out on their own

3. Which of the following statements will the author support?

A) Everybody can get rich with some financial assets.

B) The credit risk for treasury bonds is extremely high.

C) It´s no use trying to know the advantages of stocks, bonds and cash.

D) Everybody should realize the importance of distribution of their financial assets.

4. The word "returns" in paragraph three can be best replaced by "."

A) returning journeys

B) profits

C) savings

D) investments

5. The author of the passage points out that .

A) keeping cash is the only way to avoid risks

B) the longer you own a stock, the more you lost

C) the high rate of profit and high rate of risk coexist in stocks

D) the best way to accumulate wealth is by investing in stocks

【答案解析】

內(nèi)容概要:

本文介紹了大眾化投資的三種渠道，并分析了每種渠道的基本特征和適用對象。第一種是股票投資，回報(bào)豐厚，但風(fēng)險較大;第二種是債券投資，回報(bào)稍少，但風(fēng)險也較小，主要風(fēng)險是借債人不還和通貨膨脹;第三種是投資現(xiàn)金，回報(bào)較少，通貨膨脹影響也較小。基本原則是：如果你長期不需要用錢，就投資股票;如果你短期內(nèi)要用錢，就投資債券和現(xiàn)金。

1.【答 案】D。

【譯文】文章的目的是給提供建議?

【試題分析】歸納概括題。需要考生總結(jié)歸納短文(段落)的主題(subject)，中心思想(main idea)，標(biāo)題(title)或作者的寫作目的(purpose)。

【詳細(xì)解答】通讀全文后可知，本文主要介紹了投資的三種渠道，并分析了每種渠道的利弊(即風(fēng)險程度)，如何降低風(fēng)險來投資致富，即D所指"如何降低風(fēng)險來致富"。A)"如何避免通貨膨脹風(fēng)險"，過于片面;B)"買入哪種債券"，不是文章的主題;C)"如何通過投資股票市場致富"，也過于片面。所以D)為正確答案，可以概括文章中心思想。

2.【答 案】D。

【譯文】作者提及洛克菲勒、比爾蓋茨這樣的百萬富翁是想說明?

【試題分析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章某一部分內(nèi)容推理出作者的言外之意。需要找準(zhǔn)、讀懂這部分內(nèi)容，并分析與文章其它部分之間的聯(lián)系和作用。

【詳細(xì)解答】第一段最后一句話，"But today， ……， starting out on his own needs a portfolio."這是講的今天每個人都可以根據(jù)自己的需要進(jìn)行證券投資;推到前面一句，那么前面提及的百萬富翁也都是根據(jù)自己的需要開始證券投資而致富的。A)"他們是我們邁向致富之路的榜樣"，不具體，沒有說明如何致富;B)"證券投資對于經(jīng)濟(jì)成功很關(guān)鍵"，這句話本身是正確的，但與第一段表達(dá)的意思不一致;C)"他們確實(shí)很富裕"，也不是第一段所想要表達(dá)的意思。D)"他們是從自己開始做起的"，這正是第一段所要表達(dá)的意思，即這些百萬富翁是從自己做起開始致富的，而現(xiàn)在每個人都可以這樣做，緊接著引入下面的投資指南。

3.【答 案】D。

【譯文】作者贊同下列哪一項(xiàng)陳述?

【試題分析】分析判斷題。考生盡量考慮文中的全部信息或事實(shí)，在通盤理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上去分析每個選項(xiàng)的正誤。

【詳細(xì)解答】這類題應(yīng)在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，著重比較四個選項(xiàng)，采取排除法。A)"只要有一些財(cái)產(chǎn)，每個人都可以致富"，憑常識判斷這句話本身就不對，更與作者想要介紹投資渠道的必要性和方法相悖;B)"購買國債的信譽(yù)風(fēng)險極高"，這句話與"The U.S. government stands behind Treasury bonds， so the credit risk is almost nil."意思完全相反;C)"了解股票、債券和現(xiàn)金的優(yōu)勢并無用處"，這與作者的觀點(diǎn)相反;D)"每個人都應(yīng)該意識到金融財(cái)產(chǎn)重新分配的重要性。"這正是第一段作者所說的"每個人都可以根據(jù)自己的需要采用不同的投資方式致富"的前提。故選D)。

4.【答 案】B。

【譯文】第三段中的"returns"可以由以下哪個詞替代?

【試題分析】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)上下文來猜測生詞的含義。

【詳細(xì)解答】該詞本身的意思是"回來，回報(bào)"，再看句子"stocks pay higher returns but are more risky."是說股票有更高的回報(bào)，但風(fēng)險更大;我們憑常識判斷，股票的回報(bào)就是"賺錢，利潤"。比較四個選項(xiàng)，B)profits(利潤)正確。

5.【答 案】C。

【譯文】文章的作者指出

【試題分析】分析判斷題。比較四個選項(xiàng)，看哪一個符合作者的意思。

【詳細(xì)解答】"作者指出"可以是文章中直接提到的，也可以是作者的言外之意，要結(jié)合文章判斷四個選項(xiàng)本身是否正確。A)"保留現(xiàn)金是避免風(fēng)險的唯一方式"，作者鼓勵合理投資，顯然這不是作者意思;B)"你持有股票越久，你損失越大。"這句話本身有誤，文章中也沒有提及;C)"高利潤和高風(fēng)險在股票市場中同時存在"，這正是第三段中"stocks pay higher returns but are more risky."意思，所以正確;D)"積累財(cái)富最好的方式是投資股票"，作者在文章最后明確指出"如果你長期不需要用錢，就投資股票;如果你短期要用，就投資債券和現(xiàn)金。"所以該項(xiàng)也不正確。